Robakhon Anvarovna Makhmudova was born on November 9, 1958 in Fergana district of Fergana province in an intellectual family. Ethnic nationality - Uzbek.

University degree. In 1983 she graduated from the Law Faculty of Tashkent State University.

She began her career in 1976 as a secretary of the Fergana Regional Court. In 1979-1983 she was a notary of the State Notary's Office № 1 of Fergana city, 1983-1987 - deputy head of the Department of Justice of Fergana region, 1987-1990 - head of the Party Committee of Fergana region, 1990-1999 she was the first deputy head of the Department of Justice of Fergana region, from 1999 to 2001 she was a judge of the Fergana Regional Court, from 2001 to 2004 she was a judge of the Fergana Regional Court, from 2004 to 2008 she was a judge of the Supreme Court of Uzbekistan, from 2008 to 2013 she was a judge of the Fergana Regional Court, and from 2013 to 2017 she was a lecturer at the Fergana Law College.

In 2017-2020, R.A. Makhmudova worked as the head of the People's Reception Office of Fergana region, and since January 2020, as the Chairperson of the Committee on Science, Education and Health of the Senate of Oliy Majlis. Since July 13, 2020 she has been working as First Deputy Chairperson of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan - Chairperson of the Judicial Panel for Administrative Cases.

During her career, R.A. Makhmudova has actively participated in reforms in the field of administration of justice, judicial system and ensuring the independence of courts in our country. She has authored a number of resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court on liberalization of criminal sanctions and ensuring fair sentencing.

As an experienced lawyer, R.A. Makhmudova effectively advocates for the preservation of the rule of law, the protection of women's rights, and the improvement of reconciliation institution.

R.A. Makhmudova is the author of more than 140 scientific and popular articles and about 10 guidance manuals for judges.

In 2020 she was awarded the Order “Fidokorona hizmatlari uchun” (For Disinterested Services). Judge of the first qualification category.

Married, has a son, a daughter and six grandchildren. Spouse, T. Makhmudov, retired.